SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

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A Critical Examination of the Peace and Security Strategies employed by Law Enforcement Agencies in Community Administration: The Case of the Zambia Police Service and the Drug Enforcement Commission in Ng’ombe and George Compounds in Lusaka, Zambia
(University of Lusaka, 2025) WAKUNGUMA, Namatama
This study investigated the strategies employed by law enforcement agencies, specifically the Zambia Police Service (ZPS) and Drug Enforcement Commission (DEC), in addressing peace and security challenges in Ng'ombe and George compounds in Lusaka. Utilizing the case study research design, the study engaged a sample of 50 participants, with 25 individuals from each compound, selected through purposive sampling. The research focused on assessing the current strategies utilized by ZPS and DEC, exploring the effectiveness of community administration strategies in fostering peace and security, and identifying the challenges and limitations encountered by law enforcement agencies in implementing these strategies. The findings revealed multifaceted approaches employed by law enforcement, encompassing community policing initiatives, patrol and response mechanisms, intelligence-gathering, and drug control operations. Community administration initiatives emphasized engagement, awareness, and partnership-building, contributing to enhanced safety perceptions among residents. However, the study identified challenges such as resource constraints, trust deficits between law enforcement and communities, persistent criminal activities, procedural hurdles, lack of community engagement, and underlying socioeconomic factors that hampered effective implementation. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the need for tailored strategies, continued evaluation, community involvement, and resource allocation to improve security. The recommendations include strengthening community engagement, enhancing trust building measures, responsibly leveraging technology, adapting strategies to local contexts, allocating resources and training, continual evaluation, and promoting collaboration between community administration and law enforcement agencies. This study provides insights into the complexities of urban security and offers recommendations to enhance peace and security strategies in Ng'ombe and George compounds, contributing to safer and more resilient urban communities.
An Assessment Of Potential Negative Implications Of Transitioning To Solar Pv Energy On Solar Panels Waste Management At End Of Shelf Life In Lusaka
(University of Lusaka, 2025) MUTALE, Valentine Palangwa
The transition to solar photovoltaic (PV) energy is gaining traction as a sustainable solution to address energy challenges and reduce carbon emissions. However, as the adoption of solar PV energy expands, it is crucial to understand the implications of this transition on waste management practices for solar panels at the end of their shelf life. This research aimed to assess the potential impending negative implications of transitioning to solar PV energy on solar panels waste management at the end of their shelf life in Lusaka. The study adopted a sequential explanatory mixed methods approach and design, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Questionnaires and interviews were used to acquire data from experts in the field. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to analyze the data and disclose the experts' input. The results indicate a moderate level of solar PV adoption (59%) influenced by various factors, including the political environment (78% agreement, mean=3.97, std=0.98), economic situation (90% agreement, mean=4.42, std=0.79), technological advancement (78% agreement, mean=4.03, std=0.96), and climate change (82% agreement, mean=4.24, std=0.92). The study found that there is a significant lack of awareness among the general public regarding the proper handling and disposal of end-of-life (EoL) solar PV panels, with 87% of respondents lacking this knowledge. Additionally, there is a shortage of waste management infrastructure and recycling facilities that are equipped to handle the disposal of solar panel waste, as reported by 59% of respondents. The investigation revealed a lack of legislation or recommendations for the management of PV waste which has led to uncontrolled transportation and monitoring of solar PV waste within Lusaka and the other provinces. These findings led to the development of a proposed Strategic Framework for the management of solar PV waste in Lusaka, Zambia.
An Assessment Of Radio Programmes In Promoting Good Governance: A Case Of Radio Ichengelo Listeners In Kitwe
(University of Lusaka, 2025) MANJIMELA, Kapulu
This research report explores the impact of radio programs on good governance, focusing on Radio Ichengelo's listeners in Kitwe. Emphasizing the role of good governance in sustainable development, the study highlights radio as a potent medium for disseminating information and fostering civic participation. The primary objective is to assess how Radio Ichengelo's governance programs influence understanding, perceptions, and engagement with good governance principles among Kitwe's listeners, contributing to the discourse on the media's role in promoting good governance. Research questions focus on evaluating how Radio Ichengelo's programs leverage citizen engagement, participation in governance processes, transparency, and accountability through accurate information dissemination. Using a cross-sectional approach and qualitative methods like interviews and focus group discussions, the research gathers insights from a diverse sample of Radio Ichengelo's audience in Kitwe. Qualitative analysis extracts nuanced perspectives, emphasizing citizen engagement, empowerment, transparency, and impact on behaviour. Findings highlight the positive impact of Radio Ichengelo's governance programs, educating citizens, raising awareness, and empowering them to hold the government accountable. Key themes include the alignment between program content and audience expectations on good governance, providing a comprehensive view of the impact. Translating findings into actionable insights, recommendations target media practitioners, policymakers, and development organizations. Suggestions include content diversification, interactive formats, and tailored strategies to meet Kitwe's unique needs. Proposed strategies involve regular interactive sessions, mechanisms for citizen input in community dialogues, targeted civic education programs, collaboration with local institutions, and featuring an active panel of discussants for credibility. Inconclusion, this research contributes to understanding radio programs' role in promoting good governance. Radio Ichengelo's positive impact on citizen engagement, awareness, and empowerment underscores radio's potential as a tool for fostering civic participation.
An Assessment of the Effect of E-procurement on the Performance of Non-Governmental Organisations in Zambia: A Case Study of Catholic Relief Services
(University of Lusaka, 2025) MUTALE, Sandra
This study assessed the impact of e-procurement on the performance of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Zambia, with Catholic Relief Services (CRS) as the case study. The study was guided by the following objectives: to examine the relationship between e-procurement adoption and operational efficiency, to evaluate its impact on transparency and accountability, to assess its effect on cost savings, and to identify implementation challenges and propose solutions. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 85 CRS employees directly involved in procurement activities, yielding 73 valid responses (85.9% response rate). Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants to complement the quantitative findings. The results indicated that e-procurement significantly improved operational efficiency, with reduced paperwork, streamlined processes, and shorter procurement cycle times. Enhanced transparency and accountability were observed, evidenced by better audit trails, compliance with policies, and improved stakeholder confidence. Cost savings were also significant, including reductions in administrative costs and procurement transaction costs. However, challenges such as infrastructure limitations, inadequate training, and supplier readiness impeded optimal performance. Recommendations were provided to various stakeholders, including investing in capacity-building programs, enhancing ICT infrastructure, and fostering collaboration among NGOs to share best practices. This study’s findings contribute to the discourse on technology adoption in NGOs, emphasizing the transformative potential of e-procurement in improving organizational performance. The study recommends further research across multiple NGOs to validate the generalisability of these findings and suggests longitudinal studies to assess the long term impacts of e-procurement adoption. Keywords: e-procurement, operational efficiency, transparency, cost savings, technology adoption, procurement challenges, organizational performance
An assessment of the effect of Zambia’s immigration policy on the welfare of immigrants from Rwanda: The case of Mtendere compound in Lusaka
(University of Lusaka, 2025) HANG’ANDU Peacent
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Zambia's immigration policy on the welfare of Rwandese immigrants, with a particular focus on those residing in the Mtendere residential area, Lusaka. Given Zambia's history of hosting refugees, including Rwandese individuals, it is essential to understand the socio-economic challenges these immigrants face in relation to immigration policies. The study sought to explore their socio-economic status, community integration, access to essential services, and the effectiveness of immigration policies in addressing these issues. The main objective of the study was to assess the effect of Zambia’s immigration policy on the welfare of Rwandese immigrants in Mtendere. Specific objectives included examining the demographic profile and socio-economic status of the immigrants, assessing their level of integration within the community, evaluating the influence of immigration policies on access to services like education and employment, and identifying the challenges they face as a result of these policies. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative data. A sample of 100 households was selected using stratified and purposive sampling from the target population of 1000 Rwandese immigrants in Mtendere. Data collection methods included face-to-face interviews, surveys, semi structured questionnaires, and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data, while qualitative data was analyzed thematically to understand the lived experiences of the immigrants. The findings revealed that most Rwandese immigrants in Mtendere were young adults, many of whom worked in the informal sector, engaging in small businesses or casual labor. They faced several socio-economic challenges, including overcrowded living conditions and barriers to stable employment due to the non-recognition of foreign qualifications. While some had successfully integrated into the community many faced social isolation and limited participation in local activities The study identified several challenges linked to Zambia’s immigration policy, including delays in residence permits, limited access to essential services, and difficulty finding formal employment. These challenges were compounded by bureaucratic delays, discriminatory practices, and a lack of targeted support services. To improve the integration and welfare of Rwandese immigrants, the study recommended establishing community-based support centers offering multilingual assistance, legal aid, and vocational training programs. It also suggested streamlining and digitalizing immigration procedures, recognizing foreign qualifications, and promoting anti-discrimination measures. Furthermore, organizing community integration activities was recommended to reduce social isolation and foster mutual understanding between Rwandese immigrants and local Zambians. This research contributes to understanding the impact of immigration policy on the welfare of Rwandese immigrants and provides practical recommendations for improving their quality of life in Zambia. Key words: Immigration Policy, Rwandese Immigrants, Welfare, Community Integration
An Engendered Examination of the Impact of Loadshedding on Local Small Medium Enterprises: A Case of Chongwe District
(University of Lusaka, 2025) MULENJE, Mwendalubi
Load shedding has emerged as a critical challenge affecting SME operations in Zambia, with potentially differentiated impacts based on gender. While studies have documented general effects of power outages on business operations, limited understanding exists of how these impacts vary between male and female-owned enterprises, particularly in peri-urban contexts like Chongwe District. This study examined gender-differentiated impacts of load shedding on SMEs, focusing on revenue changes, investment patterns, coping strategies, and implementation barriers. Following a pragmatic paradigm, the study employed a convergent mixed-methods design, combining quantitative data from 293 SME owners with qualitative insights from key informants at ZESCO, Ministry of SMEs, and Chongwe Municipal Council. The findings revealed substantial disparities in how gender influences business responses to load shedding, with female-owned businesses experiencing 45% higher revenue losses during outages and only 20.1% maintaining generator systems compared to 33.8% of male-owned enterprises. Analysis of operational patterns showed female entrepreneurs facing 40% higher operational costs during outages, while demonstrating greater reliance on schedule flexibility as an adaptation strategy. Investment analysis indicated that female business owners achieved 23% lower returns on power solution investments, primarily due to limited access to technical support and financial resources. Qualitative findings highlighted systematic barriers in accessing support mechanisms, with female entrepreneurs showing 35% lower utilization rates of available programs. The study recommends establishing gender-responsive financing mechanisms for power solutions, developing targeted technical support programs for female entrepreneurs, and creating mentorship networks to enhance knowledge sharing about effective mitigation strategies. Policy interventions should address structural barriers limiting female entrepreneurs' access to resources and support systems during power interruptions, while local authorities should implement gender-sensitive scheduling for power outages and create dedicated power-reliability zones in areas with high concentrations of female-owned businesses. Key Terms: Load Shedding, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), Gender-differentiated Impact, Business Resilience, Power Mitigation Strategies
An Evaluation of Peace and Security Measures in Combating Human Trafficking: A Case of Ministry of Home Affairs and Internal Security in Zambia
(University of Lusaka, 2025) CHIRWA, Miriam
Human trafficking is a significant threat to the attainment of goals relating to sustainable development. This is because it promotes oppression and poverty of the trafficked, especially in a globalized world, with countries such as Zambia being noted to have become transit points for international traffickers in recent years. This study was conducted to evaluate the security and peace measures put in place to fight human trafficking by the Ministry of Home Affairs and Internal Security (MoHAIS) in Zambia. Specifically, the study looked at determining the challenges and weaknesses in the Ministry's current strategy being used to combat human trafficking, coordination between and among various government agencies and assessments of cooperation, other stake holders and NGOs working to inhibit human trafficking in Zambia, as well as making viable recommendations for policy and strategic changes to strengthen security and peace efforts to oppose human trafficking for the Ministry and its various key stakeholders. Based on Social Disorganization Theory (SDT), the research used an online survey which involved MoHAIS members of staff and those from other agencies that work in different areas to fight against the vice, as well as personnel such as human rights lawyers. A total of 53 respondents participated in the online survey, data was collected by document analysis of reports, press releases and other recent relevant publications (2019 to 2024) to attain the objectives of the study. Document analysis was done by involvement of 7 high quality documents case studies, specialized articles, reports and press releases to collaborate and enrich survey findings. Results of the research showed a need for sustainable financing, more collaborated efforts by both local and international partners, as well as creating clarity in supporting legislation. Amongst other recommendations, the study places emphasis on dedicated budget lines and training to enhance the already existing knowledge and skills of MoHAIS staff in AHT interventions, be implemented.
An Investigation into the effectiveness of the Community Resource Board (CRB) in Game Management : A Case of Chaiwa Game Management Area, Kafue District
(University of Lusaka, 2025) MUBANGA, Catherine
The purpose of this study, was to investigate the effectiveness of the Community Resource Board in Game management, the case of Chiawa Game management area, Kafue District. The study applied single method which was qualitative approach. Case study research design was used in this qualitative research because of the nature of the target population. The total sample size of the study was 40 determined by the principle of saturation. It applied criterion sampling method and purposive to capture the participants. Data was collected through interviews by utilizing semi-structured interview guides as tools for data collection. The raw data that was collected through semi-structured interview guide was analyzed using thematic analysis by following Braun and Clarke’ (2006) 6 step process. Two theories were used in this study, the theory of collective action and the theory common pool resource to guide the research. The research results revealed that the Chiawa CRB maintain transparency in its operations through regular meetings with the local community members which allows them to openly take part in decision-making processes. The results also revealed that the CRB work with the traditional leaders by informing them to call for meetings where Chiawa game management programs are shared with the local community members. It was also revealed that the CRBs call local community members regularly for activity planning concerning Chiawa game management area. The results indicates that through CRBs in Chiawa, the local community members are able to play their role towards game management, the government also play it’s role and the conservation provides the services needed by working together for the benefits of the future generation. The findings also revealed that the Chiawa CRBs engage the local community in wildlife monitoring which triggers the sense of ownership and responsibility among local people in Chiawa chiefdom. It was also revealed that the CRB has enhanced communication channels between the local community and other stakeholders. The findings also shows that the Chiawa CRB is involved in awareness trainings within the community to inform the local community members about the dangers of pouching and other bad activities. It also revealed that the Chiawa CRB as a link ensures that local community members take part in the decision-making related to wildlife management. It was concluded that therefore, the Chiawa CRBs has effectively managed Chiawa game area by acting as a link between community members and the management in Chiawa game area. It was recommended that therefore, the government to support the CRBs with financial support so that they can continue to conduct education, awareness and capacity building programs if sustainable game and wildlife management was to be achieved in Chiawa and Zambia in particular. In the future the study proposed to conduct a mixed method so that variables on this topic can be measured since this was a pure qualitative. Keyword: Effectiveness, Community Resource Board, Chiawa Game Management
An Investigation of the Effectiveness of Civil Society Organisations in Promoting Good Governance in Zambia: A Case Study of Selected Civil Society Organisations
(University of Lusaka, 2023) ZIMBA, H'lupekile
This study aimed to assess the Effectiveness of Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) in Promoting Good Governance in Zambia, with a primary focus on identifying governance issues addressed by CSOs and examining their activities in this regard. The central research problem addressed the perceived ineffectiveness of CSOs in promoting good governance in Zambia. The general objective was to explore the effectiveness of civil society organizations in promoting good governance in Zambia. Specific objectives included identifying governance issues addressed by CSOs in Zambia and examining the activities undertaken by CSOs to promote good governance in the country. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, incorporating desk research, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaires. The research findings underscored the effectiveness of CSOs in fostering open, accountable, and responsible governance structures in Zambia. Through an extensive literature review and empirical survey, the study highlighted the pivotal role of CSOs as indispensable tools for promoting informed decision-making, transparency, and government accountability. The survey results revealed unanimous agreement among respondents on the significant impact of CSOs in promoting good governance. The versatility and adaptability of CSOs were evident, with respondents reporting diverse specializations such as human rights, peace-building, poverty reduction, gender equality, and conflict resolution. This diversity showcased the multifaceted nature of CSOs' work and their critical roles in addressing various aspects of governance. In summary, this study provided valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of CSOs' work, their diverse areas of specialization, and the critical roles they play in promoting informed decision-making, transparency, and government accountability in Zambia. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the effectiveness of CSOs in promoting good governance and emphasize their importance as agents of positive change in the Zambian context.
An Investigation Of The Role Of Cooperatives In Job Creation For Youths In Chipata District, Eastern Province.
(University of Lusaka, 2023) SAKALA, Sithembile
This study aimed to explore and analyze the extent to which cooperatives contribute to the creation of employment opportunities for youth in Chipata District. It employed qualitative research methods using interviews and focus group discussions and used a phenomenological research design to understand events by describing participants knowledge and experiences. The findings revealed that cooperatives of Chipata District were crucial in providing jobs and entrepreneurial opportunities for youths. The political and economic situation proved conducive enough for the cooperatives to develop and flourish in the study area. However, these cooperatives were not doing enough to create jobs for the youths in the wake of massive unemployment in the district. This underperforming was due to lack of established structures, operational plans, management problems, low participation of members due to inadequacy of cooperatives to address their needs and problems by their organization, inadequate capital, lack of technology and, infrastructure. Therefore, the study recommends the promotion of self-help (village banking) groups to enhance capital, promote partnerships among cooperatives, provide financial support for cooperative development that can be accessed by young people, government to provide a well-tailored curriculum on formation and management of cooperatives, promotion of synergy between Government, NGOs, and cooperatives as this enhances development and sustainability.
Assessing the challenges and policy Responses to Water Availability and Accessibility in Chipata Compound, Lusaka, Zambia
(University of Lusaka, 2025) SIALUMBA, Nalucha
Water availability and accessibility remain critical challenges in peri-urban settlements, particularly in informal communities such as Chipata Compound, Lusaka. Limited water infrastructure, rapid population growth, and inconsistent policy implementation have created daily struggles for residents in accessing clean and reliable water. This study explores the lived experiences of water accessibility in Chipata Compound, focusing on infrastructure challenges, policy measures, and community water management practices. A qualitative case study approach was adopted, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 50 household respondents and 10 community leaders, along with key informant interviews with policy stakeholders. Additionally, field observations were conducted at 15 water points to document access patterns, infrastructure conditions, and social dynamics around water collection. Thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring patterns in residents’ experiences. Findings reveal that water access in Chipata Compound is highly fragmented, with residents relying on multiple unreliable sources, including communal kiosks, boreholes, and private vendors. Long queues, low water pressure, and frequent breakdowns disrupt daily routines, disproportionately affecting women and children, who bear the burden of water collection. Seasonal shortages intensify these struggles, forcing households to ration water or pay exorbitant prices to private vendors. Residents express frustration over poor infrastructure maintenance and a lack of community involvement in policy implementation. The study concludes that improving water accessibility requires a multi-faceted approach, including infrastructure investments, policy reforms, and enhanced community participation. Strengthening communication between policymakers and residents, recognizing community-led initiatives, and implementing targeted interventions are essential for sustainable improvements. Keywords: Water accessibility, peri-urban settlements, community water management, policy implementation, infrastructure development, Zambia
Challenges faced by women in livestock farming in Mwembeshi Ward of Chilanga District, Zambia
(University of Lusaka, 2025) LONGWANI, Melisa
This study is aimed at investigating the challenges faced by women livestock farmers in Mwembeshi Ward in Chilanga District, Lusaka Province, Zambia. This was a quantitative cross-sectional study. The sample size was 275. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data in an interview with the respondents. Data was entered in excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 13. Frequency tables and graphs were used to present and analyze the study results. The results revealed that most of the households kept poultry, followed by goats and pigs. The reasons for keeping these livestock where that they were easy to keep and that they had ready market. Majority of the women farmers expressed that they kept these animals for both home consumption and for commercial purposes. The main activities that they carried out in rearing these livestock at household level were cleaning piggery/poultry/barns and feeding the livestock. The main challenges that hindered women farmers from participating fully in livestock production were; spouse dominance, household chores, animal disease outbreaks, water shortages, inadequate knowledge on livestock production, inadequate financial assistance, and inaccessible markets. The study recommends the need to intensify extension programs especially on livestock production and making sure that women participate. The government needs to empower women through loans so that they can fully participate in livestock production as well as building better roads and market infrastructure for women to feel safe when trading. The government also needs to be having regular trainings and workshops for women entrepreneurs in livestock farming. Most importantly the government needs to develop policy to support women in livestock faming.
The contribution of micro enterprises to sustainable rural livelihood: A case of Mulobezi district
(2016) CHISHIMBA, Hanson C.K.
The purpose of this study was to ascertain the contribution of micro enterprises to sustainable rural livelihood in Mulobezi district of Zambia. Findings of this study reviewed that micro enterprises play a vital role in promoting sustainable rural livelihood, contributing to employment creation, wealth creation, poverty alleviation and income generation.
Effect of Advanced Project Management Technologies on Road Project Performance: A Qualitative Study of Road Development Agency in Zambia
(University of Lusaka, 2025) POTO, Francis
With an emphasis on the Road Development Agency (RDA), this study investigates how cutting-edge project management technologies affect road development projects in Zambia. The study explores how advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), building information modeling (BIM), the internet of things (IoT), robotics, drones, and predictive analytics can improve project performance in light of the challenges faced by road projects, including delays, cost overruns, and quality issues. Using a qualitative methodology involving case studies and semi-structured interviews with RDA engineers, the study examines how these technologies can be integrated into road projects to enhance efficiency, safety, cost management, and stakeholder satisfaction. The findings reveal that technologies like BIM, AI, and IoT have the potential to optimize road planning, reduce construction costs, and improve quality by providing real-time data and enabling better decision-making. However, the study also identifies significant challenges, such as high upfront costs, resistance to change, and a shortage of skilled personnel. To address these barriers, the study recommends enhancing workforce training, standardizing digital platforms, and fostering a culture of innovation. The research underscores the importance of strategic technology integration to improve project delivery and support Zambia’s sustainable infrastructure development, aligning with the nation’s broader socioeconomic goals. Keywords: Road Development Agency, project management technologies, artificial intelligence, building information modeling, internet of things, predictive analytics, sustainable infrastructure, Zambia.
Effect of Vocational Education on enhancing livelihoods for persons with disabilities at the National Vocational rehabilitation Centre (NVRC) in Ndola District of Zambia
(University of Lusaka, 2025) MATUKUTA, Talent
The study examined the effect of vocational education on the livelihood of persons with disabilities (PWDs) at the National Vocational rehabilitation Centre Ndola District in Zambia. To achieve this study objectives, a qualitative approach and a descriptive research design were used in order to have a complete and comprehensive examination of vocational education effect on livelihood improvement of persons with disabilities in at NVRC. The approach for obtaining data adopted the qualitative. The results were qualitative and so, it was subjected to qualitative analysis. The population of the study included administrators from the National Rehabilitation Centre, Zambia Agency for Persons with Disabilities under MCDSS the departments of Community Development, members of Organizations for persons with disabilities and vocational education graduates with disabilities. The graduates were drawn from within Ndola who had completed their tertiary education at NVRC. The results obtained showed that vocational training had a fundamental role to play in enhancing the inclusion, employability, and financial independence of the PWDs. The participants mentioned healthcare access, social support, and many job opportunities. Earning skills such as sewing, information technology, and other trades directly affected the overall quality of life. However, challenges of vocational education for persons with disabilities still persist, encompassing lack of awareness of vocational educational programs, inclusive infrastructure, and financial challenges leaving PWDs at a disadvantage due to logistical challenges, socio-cultural barriers, societal attitudes, and stigmatization. The findings today call for the necessity of common measure policies on inclusive access while developing resilience for PWDs in various vocational education programs. Recommending addressing the above highlighted challenges, ensuring the government of the Republic of Zambia looks into improving infrastructure, targeted funding for vocational education, training of instructors in special education, and collaborating and partnering with employers on giving job opportunities to persons with disabilities to enhance their livelihood potential in Ndola district. Keywords: vocational education, persons with disabilities, employability, social inclusion, financial independence, livelihood improvement.
Examining the Impact of the Decentralisation Policy on Democratic Processes in Zambia: The Case of Ndola District
(University of Lusaka, 2024) CHANSA, Annie
This study examined how Zambia's decentralisation policy impacts democratic processes in Ndola District, addressing the inadequate understanding of how effectively local governance structures promote genuine democratic participation and improve service delivery at the district level. The research aimed to assess the effectiveness of decentralized service delivery systems, evaluate decentralisation's influence on social cohesion, analyse relationships between citizen empowerment and democratic participation, and determine how citizens' awareness moderates decentralisation outcomes. Following a pragmatic philosophy, the study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys of 327 residents with qualitative interviews of key informants from Ndola City Council. The findings revealed significant relationships between decentralisation components and democratic governance, with service delivery emerging as the strongest predictor (β=.395, p<.001), followed by citizen empowerment (β=.378, p<.001) and social cohesion (β=.342, p<.001). Correlation analysis demonstrated strong associations between service delivery and democratic governance (r=.684, p<.01), while citizen awareness significantly moderated these relationships (ΔR²=.064, p<.001). Qualitative findings indicated that ward-level service centres improved response times from 72 to 24 hours, though resource constraints affected implementation quality. Ward development committees enhanced community collaboration, though participation varied across wards. Key informants reported transformed decision-making processes through participatory budgeting initiatives, despite technical capacity limitations. The study recommends strengthening ward-level service delivery capacity through increased resource allocation and technical training, enhancing community engagement frameworks with structured participation guidelines, establishing comprehensive empowerment programs focusing on participatory planning, and developing systematic awareness programs using multiple communication channels and local languages. These findings contribute to understanding how decentralisation influences democratic governance and inform policy refinements to enhance local democratic processes.
Fire Incidence Preparedness by Kabwe Municipal Council: A Case Study of Kabwe District
(University of Lusaka, 2025) BANDA, Mwanida
This research examined the preparedness of Kabwe Municipal Council (KMC) to fire incidences both in the central business district and in the rest of the community. Since fire incidences have a great threat to life, properties, and even the economy, the research sought to evaluate KMC’s readiness level to avoid, respond and assist in the recovery from fires. The objectives of the study were to: (i) assess the current level of fire incidence preparedness by Kabwe Municipal Council in the central business district and local community; (ii) identify the challenges and limitations faced by Kabwe Municipal Council in implementing fire safety measures and; (iii) propose recommendations for enhancing fire incidence preparedness in Kabwe central business district. The study used exploratory sequential mixed methods design, as such mixedmethods involving two methods namely qualitative and quantitative methods were utilized. Two types of data collection methods were included in the study, which are; interviews and questionnaires. The study found that the current level of fire incidence preparedness by Kabwe Municipal Council in the central business district and local community was moderate. This is because Kabwe Municipal Council did not have enough fire fighting equipment and firefighters to manage the whole district. However, the council had made commendable efforts in public awareness campaigns, training, and emergency response mechanisms. The study also found that Kabwe Municipal Council faces many challenges and limitations in responding to fire safety measures such as poor road network, limited water supply, communication issues, lack of fire stations, requests taking long to be granted, political interference and lack of sufficient fire equipment. This paper concludes with a number of recommendations, such as upgrading of firefighting facilities, executing campaigns for public awareness and working with communities together with foreign business. These actions are necessary to increase the ability of Kabwe to deal with fire emergencies without compromising its socio economic growth. Keywords: Fire, Preparedness, Emergency, Risk, Mitigation
Interrogating Financial Management Deficits in Grantaided Projects: Ministry of Health’s Global Fund Project in Lusaka
(University of Lusaka, 2025) MAONDE, Patricia Mwendabai Mubyana
This study interrogates financial management deficits in grant-aided projects focusing on the Global Fund Project implemented by the Ministry of Health in Lusaka, Zambia. Using a qualitative method approach, the study gathers data from past and present key stakeholders to access the impacts of these key deficits on donor confidence, health outcomes, and public trust. The findings reveal that the financial deficits have led to reduced donor confidence jeopardizing future funding commitments, suboptimal health service delivery, and a notable erosion of trust in the Ministry of Health's governance systems. The study critically examines the accountability challenges arising from inadequate internal controls, poor financial reporting, and weak oversight mechanisms which undermine the effective use of donor funds. The study highlights the need to implement strong financial controls, increase capacity building initiatives, and encourage greater involvement of civil society organizations to strengthen accountability frameworks. The research ends with practical suggestions for reducing financial management deficiencies in donor-funded initiatives, highlighting the significance of accountability and openness in maximizing resource use and attaining intended health results. The purpose of these observations is to add to the larger conversation about enhancing financial governance in grant-aided projects in Zambia and other settings.
Investigating Entrepreneurship And The Human Development Paradigm- A Capability Approach. A Case Study Of Saturday Market Entrepreneurs In Chipata District
(University of Lusaka, 2024) KANENE, Mutinta
This study investigated the role of entrepreneurship on human development and capabilities, focusing specifically on entrepreneurs at the Chipata Saturday market in Zambia. Utilizing the Capability Approach (CA) as the theoretical lens, the research examined how entrepreneurial activities enhanced individual capabilities and contributed to the broader welfare of society. The study adopted a qualitative methodology, using detailed interviews and a validation focus group feedback workshop to gather comprehensive insights from entrepreneurs. It revealed that entrepreneurship played a significant role in improving living standards, notably in areas such as housing, education, and health. The findings indicated that successful entrepreneurship allowed individuals to pursue lifestyles of their choosing and significantly expanded their agency. However, the study also uncovered several challenges that limited human development, including restricted access to market outlets, institutional and regulatory constraints, and the influence of traditional and cultural norms. The research concluded by offering nuanced recommendations for tailored government support, improved infrastructure, legal reforms for gender equality, and collaborative efforts between the public, private, and civil society sectors to provide training and support networks for entrepreneurs, fostering an environment that promotes their success and societal welfare.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Coordination Mechanisms among Stakeholders in Agricultural Extension in Katete District of Eastern Province, Zambia
(University of Lusaka, 2025) CHIKOMBA, Patrick
Stakeholders in Agricultural Extension Service (AES) acknowledge the importance of coordinating their activities to achieve the outcome of the interventions to improve food security and livelihood. Although stakeholders have recognized the importance of coordinating extension service little research has addressed the existing coordination mechanisms and their effectiveness in the agricultural extension service. The purpose of the study sought to understand and establish the effectiveness of the coordination mechanisms of stakeholders involved in agriculture extension service in Katete district. The study employed descriptive survey research design. Target population was a total of 219 respondents which comprised of 3 senior agriculture extension staff, 16 senior representatives of the private sector, 50 extension officers and 150 Agricultural Farmer Community Volunteers. Purposive sampling was employed to select respondents with knowledge and experience working in the extension service. The study was guided by the following objectives: to establish the existing coordination mechanisms among stakeholders in the delivery of AES in Katete district, to establish the effectiveness of the stakeholder coordination mechanisms in place are in the delivery of AES to the farmers within Katete district and to identify the key challenges experienced by stakeholders in the coordination of extension delivery in Katete district. With regard to existing coordination mechanisms, the study established that there was the presence of mechanisms in the extension service for coordination of stakeholders. Data from interview underwent thematic content analysis to extract key themes, issues, and narratives and excel was used to generate the figures. However, it evidently established that the mechanism revolved around joint meetings and workshops. About 46.7% and 32.1% of the respondents felt the mechanisms were ineffective and effective respectively. Based on the in-depth interviews with key informants, the study deduced that funding, inadequate technical capacity, lack of clear operational framework for guidance and absence of the coordination structure among others were challenges noted. Limited use of ICT posed a challenge for information sharing. The study recommends that the coordination mechanisms be designed to integrate activities at all levels, use of ICT and M&E to ensure information sharing and development and strengthen a clear operational framework to ensure active participation of all stakeholders and facilitate the harmonization and alignment of intervention to avoid duplication of activities and conflicting extension service messages to the farmers.