Assessing the challenges and policy Responses to Water Availability and Accessibility in Chipata Compound, Lusaka, Zambia

Abstract

Water availability and accessibility remain critical challenges in peri-urban settlements, particularly in informal communities such as Chipata Compound, Lusaka. Limited water infrastructure, rapid population growth, and inconsistent policy implementation have created daily struggles for residents in accessing clean and reliable water. This study explores the lived experiences of water accessibility in Chipata Compound, focusing on infrastructure challenges, policy measures, and community water management practices. A qualitative case study approach was adopted, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 50 household respondents and 10 community leaders, along with key informant interviews with policy stakeholders. Additionally, field observations were conducted at 15 water points to document access patterns, infrastructure conditions, and social dynamics around water collection. Thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring patterns in residents’ experiences. Findings reveal that water access in Chipata Compound is highly fragmented, with residents relying on multiple unreliable sources, including communal kiosks, boreholes, and private vendors. Long queues, low water pressure, and frequent breakdowns disrupt daily routines, disproportionately affecting women and children, who bear the burden of water collection. Seasonal shortages intensify these struggles, forcing households to ration water or pay exorbitant prices to private vendors. Residents express frustration over poor infrastructure maintenance and a lack of community involvement in policy implementation. The study concludes that improving water accessibility requires a multi-faceted approach, including infrastructure investments, policy reforms, and enhanced community participation. Strengthening communication between policymakers and residents, recognizing community-led initiatives, and implementing targeted interventions are essential for sustainable improvements. Keywords: Water accessibility, peri-urban settlements, community water management, policy implementation, infrastructure development, Zambia