Undergraduate Research Collection

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Voluntary Liquidation of Zambian Financial Service Providers and Depositor Protection: Comparative Study with Nigeria, Kenya and South Africa
(2017) CHINYAMA, Arnold
Financial services providers are, by their nature, special due to a unique role they play in the economy of any country through financial intermediary. Consequently, they are subject to a distinct set of rules that may not apply to ordinary entities. The special status of financial services providers is widely recognized. Financial service providers play a key role in financial stability in respect of the financial system and the economy as a whole. Growth of financial services industry has led financial services provider to become too big and too interconnected and in terms of supervisory authorities too important for financial stability.2 Further, the intensification of the linkages between banks through interbank payments and interbank deposits has greatly expanded the scope of financial shocks.
Solid Waste Disposal and Management Practices in the Central Business District Of Lusaka, Zambia
(2021) CHIBESA, Robert
The study assessed how solid waste is managed and disposed off by the local authorities. The study also looked at the effects or diseases that may arise due to the improper management and disposal of solid waste in the central business district of Lusaka. The method used was the case study and the study population was selected using the simple random sampling technique. The results show that the study population has knowledge on how solid waste is managed and disposed off. Also revealed is that local authorities face a lot of challenges due to lack of resources for the proper implementation of improved solid waste management and disposal practices. The study concludes that there is need to sensitize the general public on the importance of proper solid waste management and disposal practices and for production companies to take responsibility of their waste products and disposal methods.
Understanding and Describing How E-Waste Is Being Managed At Mtendere Market
(2021) NYIRENDA, Christine
The study aim was to understand and describe how e-waste is being managed at Mtendere market. The method used was cross sectional qualitative study approach, data was collected through semi structured interview guides and was analysed through themes and coding. The findings reveal that (23.8%) had not attended any level of education, (42.9%) at least made it to primary school and the rest (33.3%) attained secondary education. However, most of the participants (86.4%) had no knowledge on e-waste management despite their education background. Also revealed is that participants (86%) were not aware of the existence of electronic waste, only (14%) had an idea on what e-waste was with most of them generally treating everything as cabbage. The study concludes that participants were not aware of the existence of e-waste and that social factors like education and knowledge played a part in the management of e-waste. The study recommends sensitization programs in local communities aimed at reducing or eliminating mismanagement of e-waste
Factors that cause Late Detection of Breast and Cervical Cancer among Women in Zambia: An Inestigative Cross-sectional Study conducted at The Cancer Diseases Hospital
(2021) MALEYA, Victoria Maambo
INTRODUCTION: Malignant growth is without a doubt one of the most widely recognized happening and driving non-transferable sicknesses. It dates as far back as 3000 BC when the primary malignant growth like illness was first announced in antiquated Egypt. In the year 2020, it was accounted for by the World Health Organization that an expected number of 2.3 million ladies were determined to have bosom disease and 685,000 deaths were accounted for universally. As of the year's end 2020, there were 7.8 million ladies alive who were determined to have bosom disease in the beyond 5 years, making it the most pervasive malignant growth. Worldwide, cervical disease is the fourth most successive malignant growth in ladies with a gauge of 570,000 new cases in 2018 representing 7.5 percent of all female disease deaths. On a worldwide scale, Zambia is assessed to have the second most elevated disease rates on the planet. This is credited to unfortunate admittance to screening administrations, portrayed by high death paces of cervical malignant growth at 58.0 and 36.2 per 100,000 ladies, separately. Thus, bosom and cervical disease has turned into a worldwide weight and one of the main sources of deaths among ladies in the Sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: This study employed the qualitative approach method and used an investigative cross sectional study design to analyze a data saturation sample of 33 respondents. The respondents were selected through a purposive sampling procedure of data saturation method, the data was collected through interview using an interview guide and the data was analyzed using thematic analysis table. RESULTS: In this study, it was found that low levels of awareness and knowledge was the leading cause of late detection of cervical cancer and cancer of the breast among women in Zambia as the majority of the participants stated that they had little or knowledge on breast and/or cervical cancer. Source of information to be a contributing factor to women presenting with late presentation of cancer. In addition, it was also found from the majority that the perception and alternative medical preference by women are among the contributing factors causing women to present with late staged cancer when they go to the health facilities. CONCLUSION: In general, the inadequacy of knowledge and low awareness, cultural factors, socio economic status among others have continued to be important measures to determining the late detection of both cervical and breast cancer.
An exploration of factors leading to improper electrical waste disposal in Matero, Lusaka Province
(2022) PEREIRA, Owen
E-waste refers to electrical/Electronic gadgets that are discarded or no longer of use by the purchaser (Sansa-Otim et al. 2012). The rapid climb in electronic and IT trade has increased the volumes of e-waste in Zambia. In most urban areas, “due to uncertainty of the ways to treat e-waste, when electronic products reach their end life, electronic junks lie unattended in shops, offices, homes, etc and is commonly mixed with family waste, that is finally disposed of at waste disposal points which may be hazardous as the e-waste is not sorted and separated.” In this context, the research aims to explore the factors that lead to improper disposal of e-waste in Matero. The study utilized a qualitative approach and made use of a cross-sectional study design, data was collected through interview guides and was analyzed through themes and coding. The sample size was 31 and the sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data collected was analyzed thematically (Thematic analysis). It was found that (6%) had attended primary education, (65%) had attended secondary education and (29%) attained tertiary education. Despite majority attaining some level of education, majority of the participants had little or no knowledge on e-waste management. Knowledge on e-waste was highly dependent on the level of education. The study also revealed that most participants were not aware about e-waste, whereas only a few had an idea on what e-waste was and social factors such as knowledge and education played a pivotal role in management of e-waste as most participants did not know what e-waste was, as e-waste was treated like any other waste. Furthermore, most participants stated that economic factors such as income and infrastructure influenced the management of e-waste, as it was highlighted that the indiscriminate disposal of e-waste is because of the lack of adequate infrastructure and that income is the reason why there is more e-waste in the area and people don't mind the management of e-waste because they know less about its effects as they are only trying to earn a living by dealing with it. Lastly it was noted that personal factors such as attitudes tend to influence the behaviour and practice of waste management in Matero. The study concluded that social, economic, and personal factors do indeed play a pivotal role in influencing the proper management of e-waste in Matero.
Comparative Study on The Healthcare Seeking Practices of Insured and Uninsured Residents of Lusaka
(2022) TEMBO, Chiteau
Health insurance is a type of insurance that covers medical expenses that arise due to an illness. These costs can be related to hospitalization costs, costs of medicines or doctor consultation fees. Due to differences in seeking practices it has led to health seeking disparities among citizens that are medically insured and those that are not especially in the effort of Zambia is trying to achieve health for all by 2030. This study aimed to understand the differences in patients seeking health care services, and also ascertain if there were differences in health seeking practices between medically health insured personals and non-medically insured persons. In addition, to determine whether moral hazard is present among medically insured personals and if moral hazard is present from the health facility when somebody is medically insured. A descriptive analytical study was conducted among 116 participants who sought medical care from south point hospital. The primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire and was analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and association of factors was tested using the chi-square test at 5% significance level. The results showed minimal differences in the health seeking behaviour among the insured and uninsured residents of Lusaka. The results also revealed that the number of visits to health facility was associated to the presence of insurance (p=0.003). In conclusion, outcomes of this study have shown that people who are covered by medical insurance make more frequent visits to the health facilities than those without medical insurance. In addition, there is a significant association between frequency of visits to the hospital among the insured and uninsured participants.
Factors Influencing the Acceptability of ISONIAZID Preventative Therapy among Healthcare Workers at Kabwata Health Centre
(2022) MIYANDA, Memory Abigail
Tuberculosis (TB) is classified as an occupational illness, and health care workers (HCWs) are among the most vulnerable populations to contracting the disease due to its transmission mechanism in a healthcare setting. The health facility serving as a source of infection for HCWs produces a deadly TB infection cycle that spreads throughout the community. Isoniazid (INH) preventive therapy (IPT) is recognized as an important component of TB infection control activities. INH therapy of latent TB infection has been shown to reduce the incidence of active TB by >60%, where adherence could be guaranteed. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) among HCWs has not been fully utilised hence very little research has been conducted around it. Therefore, this study helped explore information on the Factors Influencing the Acceptability of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy among Healthcare Workers at Kabwata Health Centre so as to improve IPT uptake. The study was guided by the use of a cross sectional study approach. A descriptive and study was used. Primary data was collected through actual field research using questionnaires that were distributed to the respondents. Data was coded manually into themes through the use of content analysis. The study comprised 30 participants, which include Clinical Officers, Nurses and treatment supporters from chest clinic at Kabwata Health Centre. All the 30 respondents that were interviewed had knowledge about IPT and that it did not influence acceptability. 90% of the HCWs interviewed reported that IPT duration influenced their acceptability of the treatment pointing out that the treatment duration was too long to endure through. Furthermore, reported side effects negatively influence acceptability such as fear of organ damage secondary to INZ administration. Isoniazid preventive therapy is effective and reduces the occurrence of tuberculosis infection in HIV-infected individuals significantly. However, its use in the prevention of tuberculosis among HCWs in this health facility is extremely poor. An adequate supply of isoniazid, as well as increased awareness among health care providers who are occupationally exposed to tuberculosis, will improve IPT uptake. As well as creating awareness and policies supporting IPT administration to the first line health workers. Effective and on-going adherence counselling for eligible clients, will aid in lowering the rate of IPT defaulters.
Factors Associated with Alcohol Consumption among students at Lewanika School of Nursing
(2022) MUBITA, Anthony
Introduction: Alcohol is a common addictive beverage that is mostly consumed in society. The high levels of alcohol consumption have not just centered among the aged, but also among the adolescents. Research findings across the globe have revealed that a sharp increase in alcohol consumption has been identified among students in learning institutions; hence this study was carried out to investigate the factors that were associated with alcohol consumption among students -at Lewanika. The specific objectives of the study assessed how psychological, personal, and socio economic factors were influencing alcohol consumption among students at Lewanika school of nursing. Method: The study was carried out at Lewanika school of nursing using a cross-sectional study approach and the target population were only students that consumed alcohol. Data saturation point was used to arrive to the sample size of 30 students and participants were randomly selected. The snowball sampling technique was utilized in identifying other students who consumed alcohol. Findings: The study revealed that psychological factors such as mood and stress caused school pressure, disappointments, and excitement which influenced the students to consume alcohol. The findings also revealed that alcohol was consumed by students with the motive of coping with the stress they experienced. Personal factors such as peer pressure and age were also identified as contributing factors influencing students to consume alcohol. Some of the students stated that they consumed alcohol because they felt they were old enough, while other students claimed that peer pressure was behind their alcohol consumption behavior. Furthermore, socio-economic factors such as high-income level and having a family that consumes alcohol were also contributing to alcohol consumption among students. The findings further revealed that lack of awareness of alcohol consumption from the families also contributed to alcohol consumption behaviors among students at Lewanika school of nursing. Conclusion: The psychological, personal and socio-economic factors had a huge impact on the prevalence of alcohol consumption among students at Lewanika school nursing, and appropriate mitigation measures that could help reduce the public health problem included implementing good policies and carrying out more research studies. Keywords: alcohol consumption, students in higher learning institutions, factors associated with alcohol consumption.
Attitudes, Knowledge and Perceptions of people in Rural Areas about the Transmission and Prevention of COVID-19: A Case Study on residents in Kaoma Western Province
(2022) MBAZIMA, Daniel
The modern world of medicine has over the past couple of decades witnessed and experienced significant changes in combating various diseases that have since threatened the health and wellbeing of the world’s population. Despite these triumphs, a new threat to the health of the global community emerged in late 2019 in the city of Wuhan China. The Coronavirus (COVID-19) which is a respiratory infection caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 has made a name for itself as a universal health threat due to its rapid geographical spread since its discovery (WHO 2019). As of March 2020, the World Health Organization declared it to be a pandemic and has since worked with various governing health bodies worldwide to create several vaccines to combat the spread of the virus. A year later, COVID-19 has caused nearly 113 million confirmed cases and over 2.5 million deaths (Li, Y, et al, 2021). Objectives of the study were; to investigate and assess the attitudes, knowledge and perceptions residents in Kaoma area of Western Province have about the transmission and prevention of Covid-19, to assess the level of understanding residents have of what COVID-19 is and the manner in which it is transmitted and prevented, to evaluate the approaches the council and health personnel have taken towards educating the residents about the dangers of COVID-19, its transmission and prevention measures and to investigate the various measures that residents in Kaoma are putting to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 in their communities. A qualitative study design was used to collect all necessary data through the use of in-depth interviews and a total of 20 respondents were interviewed on their attitudes, knowledge and perceptions about the transmission and prevention of Covid-19.
Knowledge, Attitude, Practices of Marketeers towards Solid Waste Management in Kalingalinga Compound of Lusaka District
(2022) MUFUKULI, Lisa Nandi
The research assessed the knowledge, attitude and practices of Marketeers at Kalingalinga Market on solid waste management. Quantitative methods were used and the sample size was 59. The findings reveal that 88.7% of the participants know what solid waste is and risks associated with it, while 11.3% did not know solid waste nor the risks associated with it. Concerning waste polluting the environment; 88.7% admitted to it, 1.9% said no, 1.9% were not sure and 7.5% did not know. Results on attitude included solid waste needs immediate attention; 83.0% I agree, 13.2% I disagree, 1.9% not sure, I don’t know 1.9%. Results on how they felt about how waste is handled; comfortable 56.6%, uncomfortable 39.6%, not sure 1.9%, I don’t know 1.9%. On practices; 79.2% used waste bins, 20.8% did not use waste bins. Also revealed is that 64.2% of the participants obey laws, 35.8% do not. The research concludes that Marketeers have relatively high levels of knowledge about solid waste and attitude is above average even though this did not influence good solid waste disposal practices. The study recommends local authorities to sensitise marketeers and involve them in the solid waste management decision making process.
Factors Associated with Gender Based Violence against Women in Kalingalinga Compound
(2022) ZULU, Godfridah Ethel
Gender based violence (GBV) is defined as an act of violence that result in physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to a person. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that one in five of the world’s female population has been physically and sexually abused at some time in Sub-Saharan Africa. The proportion of women who experienced physical violence was between 13 and 45%. Zambia is ranked as having the highest number of GBV in Southern Africa, however there is little known about the factors associated with the vice in Kalingalinga Compound, Lusaka.” This study sought to explore factors associated with gender-based violence towards women in Kalingalinga Compound. “The study used qualitative method, with an open-ended questionnaire administered to GBV victims aged between 19 to 49 years. Total of 30 respondents participated in the study. Data was analysed using thematic methods.” The study indicated that majority of the respondents who experienced GBV were aged between 26 and 35, had attained secondary education and were knowledgeable of what gender-based violence is all about. Additionally, the study also reviewed that most of the respondents were married and had a monthly income of less than K5000. Furthermore, it was discovered that majority of the respondents’ spouses consumed alcohol.” It was noted that factors that contributed to GBV included income levels, cultural beliefs and alcohol consumption.
Utilization of Micronutrient Supplements in Mothers and Children to reduce Stunting in Peri Urban Lusaka
(2022) MULONGWE, Mubukwanu
According to UNICEF, Zambia has a high rate of stunting, which means that many children are not getting the best start in life. Stunting is now prevalent in 35 percent of Zambians (DHS 2018), down from 40 percent in 2014. This indicates that prior development was less than normal, which could be due to maternal nutrition. This study looked into how micronutrients can be used to reduce child underweight and the prevalence of stunting in children and mothers living in perilous areas of Lusaka. The association of iron and vitamin A supplementation and underweight in children less than 5 years in peri-urban Lusaka. The study employed cross-sectional descriptive research, the sample size of the study was 50 respondents, and this consisted of mothers and children under five years old of peri urban Lusaka. The research was a quantitative and the researcher used structured questionnaires to collect data from the respondents with 50 samples the study indicates that 37(74%) mothers had iron supplements whole pregnant while 26% did have iron supplements; The result for the level of vitamin A supplements in children under five out of the 50 children 42(84%) had been receiving vitamin A supplements and only 8(16%) of the children had not received vitamin A supplements. While on the association of iron supplementation in pregnant mothers and underweight in children, there was significant evidence that there was an association with a p-value of 0.001. and the association of vitamin A and underweight had a value of 0.131 which meant there was no significant evidence to claim there was an association between vitamin A supplements in children under five and underweight in children. In conclusion the study showed that 74% of the mothers in peri-urban Lusaka had iron supplementation intake which is the majority of the pregnant mothers had iron supplementation while pregnant which can help reduce stunting and underweight in children. In the infants and children below five years 84% had vitamin A supplementation which is very good because it shows that most children are less likely to suffer from vitamin A deficiency or underweight as a result of micronutrient However, the study showed that there was an association between maternal iron supplementation and infant nutritional status, hence the utilization of iron supplements can help reduce underweight and stunting in children. While the study, did not show any association between vitamin A supplementation and infant nutritional status this could have been because only Bauleni clinic was selected as the study site and not the whole peri-urban Lusaka hence further research is recommended. However, this study would rather be considered exploratory, which suggests a follow up study with sufficient sample size.
Assessing the Mental Health Care and Theraphy Service Delivery at Lewanika General Hospital, Mongu
(2022) SIMANDI, Monde
Access to mental health services is a serious issue worldwide, but it is particularly acute in underdeveloped nations like Zambia. Mental disorders, despite their importance in the comparison to other maladies such as infectious conditions, the global burden of disease receives less attention at the global, regional, and local levels. The objectives were to identify systems of treatment for mental illnesses, explore local concepts about mental illness and how these influence access to mental health services and to find out the experiences of people in accessing mental health services at Lewanika hospital in Mongu. A qualitative study was used in this research Study design It's exploratory because it goes further into an issue that hasn't previously been completely studied, with the purpose of identifying priorities, generating operational definitions, and refining the final. The study population was drawn from the residents of Mongu .An upper limit of 15 participants was used in the study according to the recommended number for qualitative type of research Data collection technique. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data obtained, which involved use of services has also been hampered by stigma from health care practitioners, the community, and family members. Lack of prioritising of mental health services in primary and certain secondary health institutions, as well as a lack of or limited awareness of mental health disorders, have contributed to the stigma. Despite its neglect, excellent mental health benefits everyone, thus these barriers must be overcome.The provided information that might be valuable in resolving obstacles at three levels: policy, facility, and individual, based on the research conducted. It can also help with the implementation of mental health policies because the roots of these impediments have been identified.
Factors that influence place of delivery choice among expectant mothers in Chisamba
(2022) BUNDA, Fredrick
Maternal mortality still remains a very serious threat to public health concern in both the United States and around the African countries. Many governments around the world are working hard to reduce these figures. Every year, an estimated number of 303,000 women die in the world during pregnancy period and delivery, with the majority of deaths occurring in underdeveloped economies. "Maternal mortality in Zambia is estimated at 183 deaths per 100,000 live births," according to (Phiri ML, Chasaya M, Ngomah MA 2020). Even the United Nations has expressed concern about preventable maternal fatalities, as evidenced by Sustainable Development Goals, which aspires to reduce global maternal mortality to less than 70 per 100 000 live births by 2030." A pregnant woman's birth location is decided by her entire family. When making such selection, many factors must be considered. The study's purpose was to look at the major factors that impact pregnant women's decisions on the location of where to give birth."
Eliminating Violence and Harrassment within the Work Place in Zambia: Lessons from Best International Practice (ILO COnvention 190 of 2019) and Nambia
(2022) MWENENGUWE, Nosipho Hannah
This thesis is on the elimination of violence and harassment within the working environment with lessons drawn from the best international practices and Namibia. This study focuses on the laws in Zambia with regards to violence and harassment and how Zambia does not have adequate laws. The purpose of this study is to emphasize on the importance of Zambia domesticating the Violation and Harassment convention that protects employees in a working environment from harassment as the convention gives a broad definition of who a worker is and takes an inclusive and integrated approach in its scope of protection. Furthermore, it applies to every sector, the formal and informal economy, rural and urban areas. The Convention equally covers all workers and employees irrespective of their contractual status. The objectives of this study include; the examining the best international practices on the elimination of violence and harassment in the workplace, to analyse the Namibian legal framework on the elimination of violence and harassment within the workplace and to investigate the extent to which the current Zambian legal frame work eliminates violence and harassment within the workplace in order to draw lessons from best international practices and Namibia. The methodology of this research is as follows; this research was a qualitative mode of research as data was collected from both primary and secondary sources which include, local and foreign legislation, textbooks, journal articles, internet source sand textbooks. The design of this research is blended between historical and narratives. The research couched as one which drew lessons from another country, in this case being Namibia and the international convention on Violence and Harassment 2019. The method of analysis of data collected was that of content analysis and focused on the context of the wording of the subject. The major research findings were that Zambia does not have laws on violence and harassment and that the definitions provided in the acts are not fit for the working environment as such they have to be contextualized as such leading to different ix interpretations in the working environment. Hence it is important that Zambia ratifies the international convention in order to domesticate and amend the current legislation that is there such as the Employment Code Act.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Diagnosis and Management of Tuberculosis Patients in Mpongwe District
(2022) CHISANKANE, Chrispine Chisulo
Introduction: Many countries with a high TB burden like Zambia remain reliant on in-person and community-based directly observed therapy for TB treatment. With the current COVID-19 pandemic, conditions that affect mobility and access to care, both seem impractical. Global TB is exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: The study aimed to explore the impact COVID-19 pandemic has had on TB diagnosis and management in 2019 to 2020 in Mpongwe District. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Mpongwe district. Sample size was 155 participants. Study health facilities were selected using a convenience sampling procedure due to ease of access for researcher to collect data, furthermore, the selected health facilities were among those with high number of TB patients. Structure questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: Out of 155 designed sample size, 149 participants were enrolled. 81% of the former TB patients had experience health care restriction during peak of Covid 19. 75% of the Healthcare workers had difficulties diagnosing TB due to symptom similarities between Covid 19 and TB. A reduction in the TB notification had reduced 92 in 2019 to 85 in 2020. Conclusion: This study highlighted that the COVID-19 pandemic had caused substantial changes in TB care. This study found that 62% of former TB patients had experienced challenges accessing TB treatment and care while at least 91% of the former TB patients at some point had drug interruptions during the peak of Covid 19, Patients were unable to access medical services due to concerns about getting infected with COVID-19. 53% of the TB patients had experience challenges with DOT especially those who were under DOT plan community and Healthcare worker. The study also shows that Covid 19 had significantly impact on both community and health facility intensive case finding and treatment supporters were unable to conduct contact tracing. It was found that Mpongwe district had reduced TB notification in 2021 as compared to 2019. Key words: Covid 19, SARS COV 2, TB, Covid pandemic, DOTS, TB Treatment supporters, Healthcare workers
Factors Affecting the Delivery of Essential Newborn Care at Kanyama Level One Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
(2022) HASALAMA, Matongo
Investing more resources in proven low-cost therapies aimed to address neonatal requirements could prevent millions of newborn deaths. Almost two-thirds of baby deaths are predicted to occur in the first month of life, with more than two-thirds dying in the first week and two-thirds dying in the first 24 hours. The goal of this study was to determine the characteristics that influence the delivery of critical infant care at Kanyama level one hospital in Lusaka. A cross sectional study was carried out on 370 women of procreative age at Kanyama level one hospital in Lusaka who had given birth during the previous year. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data, which was then analyzed descriptively in SPSS version 16.0. The chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between the components, with a 5% cut-off point for statistical significance. The findings show that attendants cleansed hands 90.29 percent of the time, 83.78 percent had their perianal part cleaned, and 95.41 percent of babies were inoculated with OPV/BCG after birth. The findings showed that 86% o f t h e p a r t i c i p a n t s gave breast milk as the first feed to newborns. majority of participants (68%) breastfed their children within 30 minutes and 1 hour following birth. 64% of those polled washed their breasts before breastfeeding. The study also showed that when either of them gets sick, the majority of participants (91.35 percent) indicated they'll go to the hospital, and 60% said they'll go to the drug shop to get medication. To keep their newborns from getting sick, about 85 percent of the participants said they bathed them with soap, sponge, and water, with or without disinfection (detol), while 7% of mothers washed their kids in herbal preparations. Except for the first feed after delivery, which was associated with age at p-value.16111, and feeding times, which was associated with marital status at p-value. 845287.This was based on self-reported data, and participants might not have remembered all of the events surrounding the childbirth episodes, resulting in ambiguous responses to the questions. It's also worth noting that the findings of this study are unique to Kanyama level one hospital, despite the fact that identical scenarios could arise in other contexts. Recommendations: To investigate other factors determining vital newborn care, more research with large sample numbers and multivariate models is needed. Keywords: Delivery, Essential, Newborn care
Justice Delayed or No Justice At All? An Analysis of The Performance of Courts in Zambia
(2022) MUKWANYA, Mweemba
The maxim justice delayed is justice denied emphases the importance of a speedy judicial process and thus as a result, every person has the right to have their case heard before a court within a reasonable time period. Delays in the judicial settlements of cases results in society having little faith and confidence in the justice system. However, it is common practice for court cases to delay and take many years for them to be heard and determined by a court of competent jurisdiction. This problem has been as a result of many factors one of them being the lack of a clear definition of what is considered as reasonable time for disposal of cases.
Examining Factors related to The Reoccurence of Cholers Epidemic in Kanyama Compound, Lusaka
(2023) HACHIBI, Ruth
The first cholera outbreak in Zambia was observed in 1977-1978, and ever since, the country has continued to experience outbreaks on a yearly basis with a historical major outbreak occurring in 2017-2018. Cholera cases and deaths are more prevalent in Lusaka's peri-urban, which are characterized by unplanned settlements. These settlements tend to lead to overcrowding and a lack adequate clean water and sanitation facilities. Furthermore, human behavior leading to indiscriminate garbage disposal has been observed to cause blockages of drainage systems and flood. This study attempts to determine the factors associated with the recurrence of cholera in the Kanyama compound, Lusaka. A cross sectional study design was used, the respondents will be selected using purposive sampling method. Primary data will be collected using questionnaires and Data was analyzed using SPSS. Data will therefore be imported into excel to be able to make tables, charts, and graphs. The findings highlight the significance of inadequate sanitation facilities and their potential role in cholera reoccurrence. Comprehensive interventions, including improving sanitation infrastructure, ensuring access to safe water, promoting hygiene education, and targeting occupational groups, are necessary to effectively address cholera reoccurrence. While the study did not find a significant association between education level and cholera reoccurrence, the literature underscores the importance of education in cholera prevention. In conclusion, the general objective of determining the factors that lead to the reoccurrence of cholera in Kanyama compound, Lusaka, was achieved through this study. The findings shed light on the significant role of inadequate sanitation facilities in the reoccurrence of cholera outbreaks in the study area. By identifying this crucial factor, the study contributes to understanding the underlying causes of cholera reoccurrence and provides valuable insights for developing preventive measures. Key words : Cholera , Communicable disease, Health facilities , Prevention , Reoccurrence.
Assessment of Prevention and Control of Scabies in Kabipupu of Mufumbwe District
(University of Lusaka, 2023) CHISHA, Wallen
Scabies has the highest prevalence in hot, humid climates such as the Pacific and Latin American regions several studies reported prevention and control of scabies, however prevention and control of scabies remains to be accomplished. Scabies is a contagious skin infection caused by the infestation of a mite known as Sarcoptes Scabiei. The mite burrows under the skin and cause severe itching, which is especially intense during night time. Scabies is mainly transmitted through skin to skin contact, making family members and close contacts at higher risk.Scabies causes a host immune response which is intensely itchy. Scratching of the lesions can lead to secondary bacterial infections of the skin, such as impetigo this can have fatal consequences, such as septicaemia, Advances over the past 5 years indicate that mass drug administration, washing clothes and beddings with soap, not exchanging clothes of towels and avoiding staying in overcrowded homes are common effective strategies to control and prevent scabies from spreading. On the other hand once the diagnosis of scabies is established, not only the patient but also close contacts should receive treatment with either a topical medication (such as permethrin 5% cream) or a systemic drug (ivermectin) or both. Keywords: burrow, eggs, ivermectin, mite, permethrin, Sarcoptes scabiei, scabies, prevalence, contagious