Assessing the Effectiveness of Waste Management Units Garbage Collection Systems in Kabwata Constituency,in Lusaka City, Zambia

Abstract

Globally, effective waste management is a cornerstone of sustainable urban development, mitigating public health risks and minimizing environmental degradation. However, many cities, especially in low- and middle-income countries, face persistent challenges in achieving efficient garbage collection systems. Effective waste management systems are critical for ensuring urban cleanliness, public health, and environmental sustainability. This study employs a structured qualitative case study design to assess the effectiveness of waste management units in delivering garbage collection services in Kabwata Constituency, Lusaka City, Zambia. The research focuses on evaluating operational efficiency, community satisfaction, environmental sustainability, and compliance with national waste management regulations. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, direct field observations, document reviews, and thematic analysis of responses from residents. The findings reveal systemic inefficiencies within waste management units. Operational challenges include irregular garbage collection, reported by 60% of respondents, and limited service coverage, with under 75% of households availed services. Community dissatisfaction with inconsistent collection schedules and the lack of environmentally sustainable practices were prominent concerns. Additionally, the study highlights inconsistent adherence to national waste management policies, particularly in low-income areas. The study concludes that while waste management units fulfill a vital role, their effectiveness is hindered by logistical and structural barriers. Recommendations include enhancing operational capacity through investment in equipment, expanding service coverage to underserved areas, and promoting sustainable practices in waste management operations. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the systemic challenges faced by urban waste management units and offers actionable recommendations to policymakers and stakeholders aiming to enhance service delivery and environmental outcomes in similar urban contexts. Key Phrases: Effective waste management, Garbage collection systems, Operational efficiency, Environmental sustainability, Community satisfaction, Policy enforcement.