Analyzing the Effectiveness of ZAMMSA's Last Miles Distribution of Medicines and Medical Supplies through Regional Hubs

Abstract

This study examined the impact of sustainable procurement practices on procurement effectiveness at ZAMMSA in Zambia. As a key driver of Zambia’s economic development, the health sector relies heavily on efficient procurement systems to enhance operational performance and profitability. Grounded in stakeholder theory, the research emphasized the importance of engaging diverse stakeholders to implement procurement strategies that align with environmental, social, and economic objectives. While sustainable procurement is increasingly recognized worldwide as essential for resilience and competitive advantage, its influence on procurement effectiveness in Zambia remains underexplored. This study addresses that gap by analyzing ZAMMSA’s adoption of sustainable procurement and its outcomes. The objectives were threefold: To assess the relationship between sustainable procurement practices and procurement effectiveness. To determine the extent of their impact. To explore the role of stakeholder collaboration in advancing sustainable procurement within the health sector. Using a descriptive research design and a mixed-method approach, data were collected from 40 respondents and analyzed with SPSS software. Results showed that ZAMMSA has gained significant benefits from sustainable procurement. Environmentally conscious supplier selection, waste reduction initiatives, and ethical sourcing have improved operational efficiency, minimized supply chain disruptions, reduced costs, and strengthened supplier relationships. The study recommends that ZAMMSA enhance its cost-benefit analysis tools to highlight the long-term savings and broader advantages of sustainable procurement. Addressing the challenge of high upfront costs through clear financial evidence can secure decision-maker support and build a stronger business case for sustainable initiatives. Overall, this research provides valuable insights for Zambia’s health sector, underscoring the role of sustainable procurement in achieving operational effectiveness and reinforcing stakeholder engagement as a cornerstone of sustainable industrial practices.