Investigating Challenges in the Dispensation of Land by Traditional Leaders in Kasama District

Abstract

Land allocation by traditional leaders in Kasama District faces significant challenges that hinder effective land governance and development. The lack of proper documentation systems, inadequate resources, and poor coordination between traditional and state institutions have led to increased land disputes and delayed development projects. This study investigated challenges in land dispensation by traditional leaders in Kasama District, Northern Province of Zambia. The research examined land allocation procedures, identified key challenges, and assessed their effects on development projects. Using a pragmatic philosophy and mixed-methods approach, the study collected data from 324 households, 8 traditional leaders, and 7 Ministry of Lands officials through questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis employed both quantitative and qualitative techniques, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and thematic analysis. The findings revealed structured allocation procedures significantly correlate with effective land administration (r = .482, p < .01). However, 75% of initial submissions require revision due to documentation inadequacies. Resource constraints affect 85% of traditional leaders, while 65% of landrelated conflicts stem from boundary disputes. Statistical analysis showed strong negative correlations between allocation challenges and development outcomes (r = -.378, p < .01). Regression analysis (R² = .677) demonstrated how documentation challenges significantly predict reduced development effectiveness (β = -0.478, p < .001). Traditional leaders reported 60% of planned development projects face delays or cancellation, while investment inquiries declined by 45%. Community tensions increased by 70% due to land-related conflicts. The study recommends standardizing allocation procedures across chiefdoms, establishing dedicated resource support programs, and strengthening coordination mechanisms between traditional authorities and government offices. These recommendations aim to enhance land administration effectiveness while preserving traditional authority structures. Keywords: Land dispensation, traditional leaders, resource constraints, documentation systems, development impact