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Risk management practices in the tendering process of building projects in the Zambian construction industry: A case of local contractors in Lusaka
(University of Lusaka, 2025) KAOMA, Brian
This study aimed at exploring the risks associated with building projects during the tendering process. The research determined the probability and impact of the explored risks on building projects if not managed during the tendering process. Furthermore, the research aimed at proposing a risk management framework using both internal and external technical input risk factors. Ultimately the research sought to find out the maturity levels of organizations in managing risks. The Methodology of the study followed a mixed method technique in which the questionnaire survey and interviews were used as data collection instrument. The study sample size was 87 out of target population of 109; the research had 80% response rate comprising technical personnel in the companies. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the research findings. The research findings revealed that at tendering stage, building projects are exposed to
more risks and these risks include the level of competition, Weather and Environmental Conditions, Clarity of bidding documents, Resource availability (Finance, material, labour), Project site location, Perception and experience of the estimator, Actual direct cost, Payment system, Time delivery, Fluctuations in exchange rates and project scope. The study findings revealed that these risks have a likely chance of occurring during the tendering process through the composite mean of (1.69 ~ 2) and that all the risks have the capability to impact building projects through the composite mean of (1.74 ~ 2). Lastly most contractors that participated in the study describe the maturity of the organisation risk management as aware (43.7%) denoting that they use scattered approach to risk management. Therefore it was recommended that contractors should involve professionals during tendering to price the works and government professional bodies should be proactive during the tendering process of building projects. And finally the researcher developed a Risk management framework that should be adopted in Zambia for Building projects at the tendering stage.
Key Terms: Tendering process, Risk Management, Risk maturity, Building projects
Exploring the influence of the Electronic Queue Management System un Customer Satisfaction: Case Study of ABSA Bank Lusaka
(University of Lusaka, 2025) CHINFUTUMBA, Kabamba
The study looked at the factors that influence the satisfaction of customers at the bank and it covered a sample size of 204 customers at one of the Absa bank branches in Lusaka. Likewise, the study’s aim was to specifically explore the influence of electronic queue management systems on the customer’s satisfaction. The data was collected using a questionnaire and data was analyzed using the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel. The main subject in this study was to discover how system capability, customer experience and system usability affects the customer’s satisfaction of the bank. In addition, the study’s goal was to add on to the body of knowledge on customer satisfaction and also to present a different perspective of knowledge which involves different people of different age groups. This study is of importance to the management of the various commercial banks as they can assess
the importance of automated queue management systems and the influence this system has on their customers’ satisfaction. Similarly, this study can assist bank managers in implementing technological adoptions such as the EQM system to reduce long unbearable queues in the bank, improve productivity, and promote economic development by enhancing customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction is the dependent variable of the research and the independent variables include system capability, customer experience and system usability. Moreover, the three independent variables were measured against the dependent variable. Ultimately, the research revealed that the independent variables and the dependent variable had a significant strong positive relationship.
Debt Financing and Growth of Small-Scale Enterprises in Zambia
(University of Lusaka, 2025) KANJAMBO, JOSHUA
Using a case study of Small and Medium Enterprises in Livingstone, the study investigated the impact of debt financing on the growth and performance of small-medium enterprises in Zambia. Through the use of a structured questionnaires with both open-ended and closed-ended questions, 100 SMEs operating in the business categories of guest house/lodge, restaurant, fabric traders, bar/night club, and curator traders were counted. The results showed that while the majority of SMEs in Livingstone used debt financing, some were unable to do so because of issues ranging from high interest rates, the absence of collateral requirements, payback terms and periods, to a lack of knowledge about financial management. The results also revealed that crowd funding and leasing were the two most often used alternative financing options by SMEs, behind venture capital. These results suggest that Zambia's financial platforms for SMEs are not sufficiently diverse. As a mix of commercial banks and other financing choices will go a long way in assisting the development of the SMEs sector, the study recommends that the growth of non-bank financial organizations offering alternative financing be promoted and supported.
Uptake of Early Infant Medical Male Circumcision as an HIV Prevention Intervention in Lusaka District
(University of Lusaka, 2025) PHIRI, Christopher Yisiwelo
Globally, male circumcision has gained popularity as a tool for preventing HIV transmission. According to randomized controlled studies, adult medical male circumcision lowers the risk of HIV transmission in heterosexual males by about 60%. In line with the evidence from various studies on the effectiveness of male circumcision, the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF (2016), endorsed Early Infant Male Circumcision (EIMC) for the prevention of HIV and Zambia is among 14 African nations speeding up the adoption of this intervention. The study utilized a concurrent mixed method design where both quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The study’s quantitative sample size was 400 mothers while under qualitative, 3 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted with mothers. Stata version 16 was used to analyze the study's quantitative data, while thematic analysis was employed to examine the qualitative data. The study identified three critical variables that influence Lusaka women's uptake of Early Infant Male Circumcision (EIMC): the partner's circumcision status, women's attitude towards EIMC, and knowledge on EIMC. Furthermore, the study showed that EIMC was more common among women from cultures where male circumcision was practiced. Key deterrents to EIMC uptake were highlighted by the qualitative part of the study as medical distrust, cultural practices around traditional male circumcision, and a lack of awareness that results in misconceptions and myths. The study found that women knew very little about EIMC as an HIV preventive intervention; therefore, intentional policies should be implemented to promote EIMC awareness initiatives and break myths and misconceptions among mothers. It is also essential to acknowledge cultural variations in decision-making. Lastly, promoting male engagement is crucial, with a focus on the support that fathers and other male family members provide for EIMC.
Keywords: Early infant, male circumcision, uptake, cultural beliefs
Evaluation of Risk Management strategies and practices used on construction projects: A Study of Luanshya District
(University of Lusaka, 2025) NGOMA, Annie
The study adopted a mixed methodology approach using sequential exploratory designs which entails the collection and analysis of quantitative data followed by qualitative data. The study sample size was 93 which was obtained by purposive sampling. Results were obtained by collecting data using questionnaires for quantitative data and semi-structured interviews with open ended questions for qualitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. In addition, Cronbach’s alpha was used to ascertain the reliability of the data and Pearson correlation coefficient to analyze the validity of the data. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis to identify patterns and later categorize the data in coded words or themes. The findings revealed challenges faced by construction projects included risks not being ranked, identified and assessed with no appropriate use of risk management strategies this was indicated by 75% of the respondents. Risk avoidance was the most used strategy as indicated by 51% of the respondents. 43.1% agreed that risk management strategies play a pivotal role in achieving desired construction outcomes. 44.1% indicated that political interference risk has the highest occurrence while 26.9% indicated poor quality has the highest severity of impact. Through correlation analysis, the study established that there is a moderate degree of positive correlation (r = 0.542, p= 0.01) between Project performance and risk management strategies. Critical success factors for project performance included documentation of risk and inspection of the project as indicated by 76.4% of respondents, stakeholder involvement 76.34% and utilization of budgeting techniques by 76.4% of respondents. The study concluded the application of risk management strategies ensures that the organization undertaking the project achieves its goals and that the project concludes within specified requirements. The Study recommends the improvement of the risk management process, stakeholder involvement in construction projects and creation of a risk management strategic framework and plan for management of risk. Lastly, the study contributes to the body of knowledge by the development of the risk management strategic framework for the measurement of the effectiveness of risk management strategies on the completion of construction projects and enhancing project performance.
Keywords: Projects, Construction Projects, Strategies, Practices